Scale.



A. DE VILBISS, JR.

SCALE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. i. 1906.

Patented Apr. 24, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. DE VILBISS, 1R.

SCALE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-b1906- Patented Apr. 24, 1917.

4 snszrs-sun 2.

A. DE VILBISS, Ja.

SCALE.

APPHCATION FILED SEPT. r. 1906.

. 1,223,37 1 Patented pr. 24, 1917.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

m IO 12 74? 15,16 77 60 7 6o w 1/0 13? m I70 A. DE VILBISS, JR.

I SCALE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT h 1906. 1,223,371.

Patented Apr. 24, 1917.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFnIcE.

ALLENIIE VILBISS, J33, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGIG'MENTS TO TOLEDO SCALE COMPANY, OF NEWARK,

NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION-OF'..NEW

Application filed September 1, 1906. Serial No. 1132,9322.

, JERSEY. SCALE.

1,223,37 Specificatiozio! Letters Patent.

To all-whom'z't may concern:

Be it known that'I, ALLEN DE VILBISS, J r., a. citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Scales, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention pertains to that class of ;-.scales commonly designatedcomputing scales by. which are indicated both the v,W'eightand the valueof an article at any given price er pound or other unit of weight, and te particular type of computnby'a scale beam is operatively connectedZing scales to which my invention finds particular application andutility is the pendulum type, in which a pendulum actuated with a theprice computing and weighing mechanism pro er.

Theobject o my invention is, in general,

1- to produce an efficient and reliable scale of. the characterdescribed, and to embody therein various novel and useful movements.andconstructions ofadvantage 'in the manipulation and adjustments ofthe scale, all as will be made apparent by the description hereinaftergiven.

of'the irregularline 5--5 0;

Flu the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my scale; Fig. 2 anenlarged section on line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig.2 a detail .rview' of thedrumspindle behrin'g; F ig. 3

.aisecti'onal lan taken on a horizontal line just above tli Ztail viewof the bai145; Fig. it a section on e scale platform; Fig. 3 adeline-10f Fig. 3;"Fig. 5 a secti )nal' elevation Fig. 3; and Figs-l to10, detail views of the pendulum ".and' 'i'ts associated parts, suchviews1being enlarged as compared with' the general views. i My computingscale is of the pendulum it type and its indicating mechanism is of thecylinder or barrel type, which is so' well known as not to requirespecific description except .as to certain novel operating -mechalnismtherefor of my design and inventlon, "as hereinafter described.

Referring more particular y to Figs. '1, 3. and 5'01 the drawings, theframe of the machine or scale comprises a base I from.

,ne'end of which rise two standards or 'supporting'posts 52 upon whoseupper end slot 6 throughyhi'ch the, price 'un rl is mounted theylindrical casingor housing 3 of the barrel form of indicatingiri'eelianism. Spider frames 4 are 'arrahged in' the opposite ends ofthe housing?! and the same form supports for the novel bearings for thespindles of the rotatable indicating 1 b e'pw which slot'and on thecasingHs-t "e. usual series of figure; indicating he.

pound or other unit of weight; B'lowffthis series may be. a 'ranged, ifdesired,i"janothie1 scries,- properly distinguished by diilteientcoloring or otherwise, which' latter"' series is employed to givetheprdpe r reading when the capacity of the scale is'ii ncreh'sed bymeans of the tare device, which a s ilieije' 'lli inafter describedprovides for a tare lof pounds. Hence 'in* this particular the lower setor series-of figures reges eiits the products of the iipp'er series jmultipled by ten. "80.. My'scale is'cf the platforin'kind, 'coihprisinga scale leain 'or lever 7 wlio'sejfront' portion extends )etween thestandards 2301' operative connection with the pendul vice and whose "earportio n'parta irregular shaped frameB but whic era'l outline is s1bstantially elliptical, ii he present instance. The scale beamlis'ipivotd P is; l0;

at 9 in theshort posts or sup N fromthe base 0'. the scale. The platformhere coin rises tli weighing plate. 11 adapte' toi re a rocking segmmt18 supported and 9 p;

. ings 23 cooperating with the agate bearings 24 mounted in the upperends of the pendulum 29 depending from a justed and locked in anyrelative to. the pendulum .rod. Inasmuch as travel of the pendulum foreach two arallel supportingposts 25 rising from the ass of the scale,

The segment 18 is mounted on the ends of the block 22 projecting fromopposite sides of the hub 21 of the pendulum rod and is adjustableaxially thereon but movable in unison withthe pendulum. To this end suchsegment is provided withthe two pgrallel bearing lugs or cars 26, whichmay formed or cast integral therewith, as seen in Fig. 10. These lugs 26have registering holes. 27 to receive the block 22. For the purpose ofadjusting the segment to differ ent relative sitions with respect to therod its position on the block 22 may be: shifted or adjusted by means ofthe two adjusting screws 28 screwing throughthe pendulum rod and bearinga inst the segment respectively above and 1 low its pivotal axis; Theupper screw bearsagainst the upper portion or heel of the se ent, whilethe lower one bears against t e lug the use of these screws, the segmentis the segment is from the point 30 as a eenter,.it is obvious that thedistance of be minutely regulated and adLusted.

I. 7 To counterbalance the roc in'g parts of.

pendulum mechanism bodily transversely of the scale base, I provide 65seured'atits if}: t which screws 'a 55'- thedulum mechanism asdescribed, I

provide-a counter-weight 31 arntnged .t'o" screwupmfiand be therebyadjustable upon, a screw 32 whichiis secured to a plate 33fastened-across the ends of the lugs 26 of the segment. i The band .1 7formin tween the stirrup and t e pendulum rod, is per end to' a clamp34, into bolt 35 laterall extended end 36 of the pendulum N uts 37screwin on said bolt 35 enable the upper; end of the Ea'nd to beadjusted toward or away from the pendulum to thereby secur e theproperadjiistment of such connection between the pendulum mecha- -ninand the scale beam.

r the purpose-of adjusting the entire series of transverse slots 38(Fig. 5), to re.-

the body of the segment.

desired position pound may -movements of the beam and the connectionbepassing through the As herein shown,

such base with a ceive short screws 39 which-are adapted to engage thelower end or cross-piece 40 of the stem ards oi posts 25. By thesemeans, the entire pendulum mechanism may be readily and convenientlyadjusted as maybe required.

Referring more particularly to Figs. v1, 3 and 5, the scale beam isconnected to a transverse or lateral arm 41 which is secured to a secondarm 42 provided with hearing lugs 43. In these lugs bears'a in 44 uponwhich is mounted, between sucli lugs, a bail 45 connected to the lowerend of the operating rod 46 .for actuating theindicating drum, see F i 23. To this bail 'is also connected the weight 47 whose function is tothrow the o crating rod toward the left (Figs. 1 and 35 so that the rackon such rod will be-held in mesh -with the' drum with a yieldingpressure.

The operating rod is substsfiitially vertical and passes through a sideslot or opening 48 in-one of the standards-2. The inner edge of theupper end of this 0 rating rod is provided with a vertical rac -49adapted to mesh with the pinion 50 secured to the spindle 51 of theright hand end (Fig. 5) of the indicating drum.

The pinion 50 is mounted in a novel and eflicient'manner, wherebyfriction is reduced to a minimum. As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and operatingpin ion 5,'a frame 52 is securedto the spider frame 4. of the cylinderor barrel and- .provided with bearings forthe spindles of two idlers 53arranged in parallel planes with their adjacent peripheries passing byeachother, thereby providing A plate 54 is secured to the spider frameand arranged to depend in front 'of the drum spind movement. I

- The-forward end of thes'cale beam is connected with a dash-pot device55 "by' means to whose up erend is-se-' p'5li, This hood interfere withthe' is designed to" of a iston rod 56 cure a hood 'or inverted on is ofsuch size as not to protect the dash, pot cylinder against the entranceof foreign articles, :particularly fine' or granular artic hood actingto deflect such articles.

Th vice or oscillating weight connected with" a scale. v

the tare .weight 58-is See and apt-as a-stop against. its lateral acrotch in which the spindle 51 of the drum is loosely -mounted..

es. being, Weighed, the c;

e scale beam is provided with a .t-are'decomprising, in general terms, amovable V pointer or indicator cooperating with a' cured within thescale beam frame to a vertical pin 59 hearing cross-bars 6Q and 61 resect vcl Fontthe purpose of pmvidinga -'ctional resistance or holding thetareweight many ""ven or set position, I arrange aspring 62 tween in-the uppe and 16m tha m-me-bm 60 and the upper face of such 13i;

L' It is desirable tof in} Order e h 38nd. c r y i ate t g t at weight,as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4. A hand lever 63 is mountedintermediate of its len 11 on the pin 59 and the end is provided i witan adjustable counterweight 64,101.

balancing the weight of the hand lever. The outer an ects therebeyond,where it is provided with .1 an indicator or pointer (.55 havin' its extreme upper end bent laterally and nwardly so as to cooperate with asemi-circular tare 1 scale 66 which ishere shown as separate from butaflixedto the beveled-off corner of 15 the scale beam frame,'immediatelyin front ,of the sales an or operator. The hand lever has a knob 8 onits under side so that such lever'ma shifted, to any desired indicationon t e scale.

' i I the hand lever and the shifting weight rela'tivelyto each otherinter may pro rly' fo either sidelo s. P Point and tobear against,anfede of the tare fweight, By unscrewing one 0 these adjusting screws and"screwingup the: other one, th'e.relatiue'posltion' of the hand leverand shifting weight changed and the proper 1 1adju'stment obtained forthe purposes. here- "inbefore'stated, v I I 5 As'shownin Fig, 10,- thesegment 18 is provided on its curved;o r' se ental face .on which theband 17- be'ars, with one ormore longitudinal groovesZor corrugations 18in paras; to decrease memo ofsurface re- '48: 'tqs uchband alsoto formpoc ets intolwhichimay; finally. work any dirt or otheleiolteign matfisfthfl y get between band and 7 ..Ic laim: r

'1, ,,a' 'p';ndulumscale the combination scale, amndicating mechanismop- I ,era d thereby, a pendulum, a. flexible icon.- nectionarranged;,betweensuch beam and "j pendulum, anda. segment cooperatingwith ,[50' suchponn'ection and adjustable with respect thereto; -s ubstantially as described.

I 2. a pgndulum; seals, the. combination f a. scale indicating mechanismopm d he ebr; a P dulum, a. fle b p'enduliini",- and a segment inoyablein' unison with'the pendulum and cooperating with such "fe ction said'segment'b'eing adjustable w'thnespect to said connection su'bstantiallywith a supportingframe, of a pendulum pendulum, a clamp adjustably heldby the.

pendulum 2nd secured to the flexible connection, anl a; se suchconnecwion'; su stantiall as described.

ent cooperating with 6. In a pindulum scale, t e combination of a scaleteam, indicating mechanism op erated there by}, a pendulum, a.fiexibleconnection animal-ed between such beam and pendulum a adcomprising a strap or band scribed i all pbsitions, 3? shown by theindications on and asegme nt on whose periphery" the ban zfthe scale 66,'p'this end lplrovide adjusting bears, sald segment bein adjustable withsdews'. 67 screwing throng the hand lever respect to' the band; sustantially aside- 7. In a pendulum scale, i

of a scale beam, indicating mechanismop- .erated there by, a pendulum, aflexible connection arranged between such beanimnd pendulumaiidcomprising astrap-orlba-nd, and a segmc at on whose peripherythe-band bears, such segment being described about a certain center andbeing axially adjustable from a difie rent center; substantially asdescribed,

8. In a pmdulumscale, the combination of a scale beam, indicatingmechanism '01)- erated thereoy, apendulum, awflexiblecon pendulum an idcom rising a'strap or-band;

- rup engaging the-scale beam, and a segment e in lnison-with thependulum sandmovab cooperating with the band;-'suhstantially-as.-1

described.

9. In a pendulum scale,

of a scale be: rm, indicating mechanism oper- '21 ted thereby apendulum, alflexibleconnection arrange 1, between suchi-beam. andpeni;

dulum and comprising a strap or' band clamped at 0 1e end adjustably'.totheI-pendulum, and ha 'ing astirrup c'onnectionat its other end W1ththe scale beanigandflasegmentmovable in unison With'the pendulum andcooperat ng with the band, said jse ent substantially as described. t

10; In a p1 :ndulum scale, the combination of a scale be: mindicatingmechanism operbeing adjustible,withrespect to the and; i

105 nection a tnged between such-beam and v p'iyotally mounted therein,a scale beam, flexible connectionfbetween "such beam and 65 ndulum; anda segment cotiperating with ated thereby, a supporting frame, a.pendulum having IL rod, a cylinder orblock con-' nected with such rodand having bearings '55 block, aiid a and passing over such seg-.

tween the rod and beam .ing th operating connection between the rod andbeam; substantially as described.

12. In a pendulum scale, the combination f a scale beam, indicatingmechanism operated thereby, a supporting frame a pendulum-having a rod,a cylinder orlook connected with such rod and having bearings in saidframe, a segment mounted on such block, adjusting screws extendingthrough said rod and engaging the segment, and a band passing over suchsegment and forming the operating connection between the rod and beam;substantially as; described.

13. In a pendulum scale, the combination qf a scale'beam, indicatingmechanism oper- 'ated thereby, a supporting'frame a pendulum having arod, a cylinder or lock connected with such rod and having bearings 'insaid frame, a segment mounted on such block, adjusting screws extendingthrough said rod on either side of its pivotal point and engaging thesegment, and a band passing over such segmentra'nd forming theoPeratingconnection between'the rod and beamsubstantially'as described. 4. In apendulum scale, the combination of a scale beam, indicating-mechanismoperated'thereby, a-supportin frame, a'pendulum'having a rod provi edwith'a hub, a

cylinder-or ,block secured in such hub and having hearings in said. fme,.asegment over such.

- ating connectlonbetween'tlje rod and beam;

mounted on such block, an a band passing ent and f rming theopersubstantially as described.

15. In a, pendulum scalei the combination offa scale beam,indicating'lmechanism openg ated thereby, a supportin 'frame, aendubetween the described.

lum having a rod provi ed with-a ub, a cylinder. or block secured insuch hub and having bearings in said frame, a'segment having b'ea'rinlugs 26 mounted on such ment and forming the operating connection rodand beam; substantially as 16. In "a penduluin'scale, the" combinationof a scalebeam, indicating mechanism operated thereby, a supportingframe, a endul'um' having a rod provided with a ub, a

? cylinder 'or,block secured in such hub and having bearings in' saidframe,

on scale'beam,

having bearings in said frame, a segment having bearing lugs 26 mountedon suchblock and adjustable rotarily thereon, and a band passingoversuch segment and forming the operatin rod and beam; su stantially'asdescribed.

17. In a pendulum scale, the combination of a scale beam, indicatingmechanism operated thereby, a supporting frame, a pendulum having a rodprovidedwith a hub, a cylinder or block secured in such hub'and havinghearings in said frame, a segment having bearing lugs 26 mounted on such.block and adjustablevrotarily thereon, ad-

justing screws extendin throughthe rod and bearing against said segment,and a band passing voversuch se eat and forming the operatin,connect1o'n between the rod and beam;- su stantially as described;-

18; In a pendulum scale, the combination of a scale beam, indicatingmechanism operated thereby, a supporting frame, a minlum having a rodprovided with a cylinder or block-secured in such hub and connectionbetween the having bearings in saidframe, a segmentw having bearing lugs26 mounted onsuch block and adjustable rotarily thereon, such, segmentbeing described from a center other thanthat around which it'isadjustable, and

an operating connection passing over such se ent and connecting the rodand beam su stantially as described c 19. In a pendulum scale,the'combination' of a scale beam, indicating mechanism operated thereby,a supporting frame, a enduhim having a rod-provided with a ub, a

cylinder or. block secured in such "hub' and .a segment having bearinglugs '26 mounted-on such block and adusta le rotarily theredn,

adjustable counterweight}- connected with the segment, and a bandpassing over such segment and forming the operatrhgjconnmition between.the rod'and. beam; .-substantiallyas described.- 20. In apendulumscale, 'the combination ated thereby, a supportinggframe, a pendu lumhaving a rod PmY ded- With 'at-fh ii I a cylinder or block secured insuchlhub an having bearingsin' said'i-frame, a-segment having bearinglugs 26' mounted "onf-such, block and 1 -10 of a scalebe'am, indicatingmechanism open 5 l adjustable'rots;rily thereon',';and'.

-a band passing qver suchjsegmentan'd term ing theoperating-corinectiombetween the rod and-beam, such. bandbeing adjustablsecured at one end to-the substantially'as described.

pendulum" i 211-111 a pendulum scale, the combination indicatingmechanisnioper ated thereby, asu portin fra; a endulum having a r' proviedwit a ub, acylinder or block secured in such hub and having projectingknife edge bearings resting'onsaid frame, a segment mounted on suchblock and rotarily adjustable thereon, and a band passing over suchsegment and forming the operating connection betweedtherod and beam;substantially as described, p v

22. The combination of a scale beam, in-

dicating mechanism operated thereby, a

the scale beam, pendulum mechanism actuated by such beam, a supportingframe in which, s ch ..pendulum mechanism is mounted, andladjustable onsaid main trame to stantially as described,

24;,ln-mpendulum scale, the: combination ofamain frame, a scalepbeamsupported thereiin, indicating mechanism operated .by

the ,scgle beam, pendulum mechanism actuatedby such beam, and a secondframe in whicl -the pendulum mechanism is mounted, saidse condframehaving a screw and slot connection with; the 1 main frame wherebyregulate theicoiiperative action -between thellgtter andrthe endulu'm inthe eifeot produced ori the indicating mechanism; substanttiallynsdescribed.

1-25,; a pendulum scale, the combination of a main firame a scale.beamsu pOrted thereonand extending longitudinally there of, indicatingmechanismbpera-ted bythe scale beam, pendulum mechanismac'tuated by suchbeam, said main. "frame having transverse slots. at one sidepiijthescale beam, and a second .frame carrying the pendulum mechanism andscrews passing through said slots and engaging the second- -fraine'whereby the same is adjustable to and away from the scale beam toregulate the coiiperative action between the latter .and the pendulum inthe effect produced on the indicating mechanism; substantially asdescribed.

26. In a barrel form ofscale, the means for operating the drumcomprising in connection with said drum the vertically mov- .ableoperating rod having a rack, a pinion arranged on the drum and engagedby the rack, 21 scale beam, an arm connecting said beam and operatingrod, said rod being piva band 17 bearing iateatlie coiiperative action,between the,,1atter;. and; he pgndulum in the efiect produb dfin theindicating mechanism; sub- 7 oted to such arm, and a weight also pivotedthereto and arlangcd to throw the operating rod in mes u with thepinion; substantially as described.

27. A compr ting scale comprising computing mechanism, a scale beamcoiiperating tl'ierewith and a tare device consisting of a weight moui'ted to swing on said scale beam, and an ndicating arm or leveradjustable in res ect thereto; substantially as described.

28. A computing scale comprising coniputing mechansm, ascale beamcoiiperating therewith, \Ild a tare device consisting of a weightmounted to swing on said scale beam, an indicating arm on lever pivotedon the same axis is said weight, and adjusting screws COtlQBIMZlIIg withsaid armand weight for adjusting the relative position of such parts;substantially'as described.

29. A computing scale compnsmg'computing mechansm, a scale beamco6perating.therewith, 1nd a tare device consisting of a. weight incunted to swing on, said scale beam, an indicating arm' or leve'r'operwftively connectelwith said weight, and. adfi ,justing screwscoiiperatingwith s aid larin h and weightfor adjusting the relativeposi-N tion .ofsuch Ja rts; substantially, as do scribed. c

. 30. A compi tingscale comprising com:

puting mechani am, a scale beam cofiperatin therewith, and a tare deviceconsisting o a weight mom ted 'to swing on saidscale" V beam, anindi:ating arm connected with said weight, aid means for counterbalanming said arm; substantially as described,

loo

31, A compu tingscale comprising computing mechanism, a scale beamcoiiperats ing therewith, and a tare device consisting of a weight mounted to swing onsaid scale beam,- an indizating arm connected with said,-weight, and an adjustable counterweight carried an one end of 531d armsubstantially as described, 32. A computing scale comprising com-1puting mechanism, ascale beam coiiperat'lng therewith, and ataredevice-consisting of a weight mountet, to swing on said scale beam,

and a spring bearing against the-weight for imparting a frictionalresistance thereto; substantially as described.

33. A compt ting scale comprising 'com-.

puting mechanism, ascale beam having one end formed as a, frame 8provided with cross bars, a pin 59 )earing in such cross bars, a weight58 secur ed thereto, and an indicating arm- 63 opera ;ively connectedwith said weight; substar tially as described.

34. A compi' ting scale comprising computing mechanf sm, a scale beamhaving one end formed a: a frame 8 provided withcross-bars, a p n 59bearing in suchcrossbars, a weight tB-secured thereto, and an 1ndicatingarm 63 mounted on said in and operatively connected with said weig t;substantially as described.

35. A computing scale comprising computing mechanism, a scale beamhaving one end formed as a frame 8 provided with crossba'rs, a pin 59bearing in such cross-bars, a weight 58 secured thereto, and anindicating arm 63 mounted oil said pin and adjust ably connected withsaid weight; substantially as described.

36. A computing scale comprising computing-mechanism, a scale beamhaving one end formed as a frame 8 provided with cross- V and bearingagainst said weight.

.of a Scale bars, a pin 59 bearing in such cross-bars, a weight 58secured thereto, an indicating arm 63 pivoted on .said pin, and meansfor adjusting the relative position of the arm and wei ht substantiallyas described.

3% .In a glcndulum scale, the combination erated thereby, a pendulum, aflexible con nection between such beam'and pendulum, and a segmentcooperating with said connection and having its outer or curved facegrooved; substantially as described. 38. A computing scale comprisincomputing mechanism, a'scale beam havlng one endformed as a frame 8-provided with cross bars, a pin 59 bearing in such cross bars, a weight58 secured thereto, and an indicating arm-63 pivoted intermediate of itslength on said pin; substantiallyas described.

39-. A computing scale comprising com puting mechanism, a scale beamhaving one end formed as a frame 8 provided with cross bars, 'a pin 59bearing in such cross bars, a weight 58 secured thereto, an indicatingarm 63 pivoted intermediate its length on said pin, and adjusting screwspassing through said arm on either side of its pivotal point 40. -Acomputing scale comprising coniputing mechanism, a scale beam having oneend formed as a frame 8 provided withcross bars,--a,pi'n' 59 hearing insuch cross bars, a. weight 58 secured thereto, and an'indicating arm 63pivoted on said. pin and operajnvely 'c'onnected'with saidwei ht, saidarm havmg on outer free en inwardly directed am, indicating mechanismopan upw ly as described. a

41. In weighing scales, the combination ofa main beam or lever, apendulum, an cecentric segment arranged to swin with the pendulum andadjustable relative? thereto, and a flexible band overlying sai segmentand constituting an operating connection between the same and the beam.

42. In weighing scales, the combination of a main beam or lever, apendulum structure comprising the pendulum proper and an eccentric sement adjustable relative thereto,

and a flexible band connecting the pendulum structure to the beam, saidband overlying the se ent.

43. n weighing scales, the combination of a main beam or lever, apendulum structure comprising the pendulum pro r and an eccentricsegment adjustable re ative thereto, a flexible. baiid connecting thependulum structure to the beam, said band overlying the segment, andmeans for adjusting the effective length of said band.

44. In a computing scale, a scale beam, a computing mechanism comprisinga scale drum mounted transversely of the beam, a,

pendulum counterbalance .pivoted to swing transversely,of the beam, aconnection to the pendulum attached to the beam substantially in thelongitudinal axis thereof, a lat pointer 65 substantially' erallyextending arm on the beam and c0n-v nections therefrom to the drum forrevolving' the latter.

45. In a computing scale, a scale beam, a computing mechanism comprisina scale drum mounted transversely of the1e having a pinion on its axis,a. pendulum counterbalance pivoted to swing of the beam, rgconnection tothe attached to the; beam substanti endulum y. in the am andtransversely longitudinal axis thereof, a laterall ex--:.

tending arm on the,beam and 'a -bar connected thereto and engag ng thepinion is on the drum for revolving c ALLEN Da Y 1 I BIS S ,Ja.

Witnessesi Nms' M. Hansen,

E. A. Dn.um.

